Sunday, June 29, 2008

The English Accent Spectrum

I spend a lot of time thinking about accents. I've done this since I was a kid and went to school in the states. Other kids would ask me to 'talk British' and it would terrify me - I spent most of my time trying to blend in and I managed to do this to the extent I wasn't sure I could actually 'talk British' any more. Later, moving back to England and going to the local middle school, my brother and I very quickly picked up the local accent and I think our parents actually preferred the transatlantic twang that we had while we were in the states. At Cambridge, I came across some of the poshest accents I've ever heard - and it made me again extremely conscious of my own accent. On holidays doing factory work, however, I was permanently trying to revert back to my school accent. And, as a languages student, I lived in Argentina and spent a fair amount of time adapting the Castilian Spanish I'd learned to a fair imitation of Porteno...

So I am slightly obsessive about accents. Mostly, these days, it comes back to an old English accent = social class fear - with an odd twist. My main concern is with whether it is more pretentious to adopt an American accent, or more pretentious to stubbornly maintain my English accent.

My youngest brother believes that you shouldn't vary your accent depending on who you're talking to. If my dad talks slowly to foreigners, it sends him into a fit of embarrassment. He's right that it's important to be yourself - but there are some times when you need to adapt your accent to be understood. The word I struggle daily with is 'water'. I draw out the 'a' and I pronounce the 't' - and these two features of my accent render the word incomprehensible to most Americans. So should I not enunciate the 't' and cut the long 'a' to be better understood? Or will my attempt at American pronunciation just make me sound all the more ridiculous? It's a daily dilemma.

I try to ask my American friends about this all the time but accents don't seem to carry quite the same baggage as they do in the U.K. The conversation then generally ends with me trying to explain the difference between 'posh' and not posh accents. So I'm attempting to develop a spectrum here - both to help my American friends, and to fuel debate among the Brit readers. What do you think? Do I have the order right?

1. Most posh:

The Queen



Queen Elizabeth II is obviously at the top of the spectrum. Hell, her accent is so posh it is practically copywrited - you can't embed any of her official videos...

2. Very, very slightly less posh:

Boris Johnson (Mayor of London)



If you say 'er', rather than 'um', that's definitely a sign of a slightly posher than normal accent. Or at least, an education that eroded 'um' from your vocabulary.

3. Still pretty posh:

BBC News presenters



'Received Pronunciation' apparently isn't used anymore by the BBC and the presenters are free to use regional accents but the majority of them still sound posh to me.

4. Marginally less posh:

John Cleese



Yep. Public school and Cambridge probably were contributing influences in Cleese's posher-than-your-average accent.

5. Middling

Eddie Izzard



Eddie Izzard's accent probably seems most middling to me because it's that vaguely South England kind of dull accent that I grew up with. Diversity of English accents decreases with social class - but this varies somewhat depending on region. The south has less variation - even between posh and not posh - than the north.

4. Would Like To Be Less Posh:

Jamie Oliver



Pukka! He's not fooling me with that accent...(You know what I mean?)

3. Closer To Not Posh:

David Beckham



Becks... I'm not one of those girls that swoons over him, but I do actually really like his voice. To me, everything he says sounds genuine and it has something to do with his accent. It's just not fake.

2. Not posh

Lady Sovereign



I'm a fan. But someone has to be not posh.

1. Really Not Posh

I struggled here. I wanted to find a real person, but it just seemed too cruel. Any suggestions?

There have been so many English comedy sketches involving variations on the chav/townie/pikey theme. For me it was a toss up between Little Britain's Vicki Pollard and Catherine Tate's Lauren. I went for Lauren because I SWEAR I went to school with at least four different Laurens, whereas as Vicki Pollard is a bit more fun and a bit less real...

14 comments:

Expatmum said...

Wow - that was like a thesis! One thing that a lot of people point out is that the very posh end and the very not-posh end sound a lot alike. Take the north-east - you'd find a lot more people saying "er" than "um". The people in the middle are the ones worrying about what they sound like.
In the States (18 years now) I haven't picked up an American accent AT ALL and I wonder how English people do. I use the vocab, as you can't go around saying "knackered" or "nappy" when no one has a clue what you mean. I do find however, that when I talk to very posh English friends, I tend to enunciate more, and if I'm with the northern bunch I definitely fall into the vernacular. Funny, that it doesn't happen with Americans. My in-laws are all southern and yet I don't think I have ever said "y'all", (thank god.)

Jon said...

Hate to break it to you LB, but Beckham's accent probably is pretty fake - he had extensive voice coaching to make it deeper. I mean it's still pretty high pitched, but if you find a really early interview with him, its much worse.

I suppose you could argue that altering the pitch doesn't necessarily alter the accent, but it's definitely not a 'genuine' accent anymore...

Little Britainer said...

oh no! So I was conned by Becks and a voice coach... that's terrible. Nothing is ever what it seems...

Katie said...

I love your examples. And I agree that accents carry less weight in America. The other day I struggled to think of a posh American accent and couldn't come up with one.

Rosina Lippi Green said...

This is a great post. It interests me because (1) I'm American and my husband is a Brit; he's been here 20+ years and he still struggles with the word 'water' especially in restaurants. He tries to say it with an American accent, which means sticking the r back in after the vowel, but the whole thing just falls apart and I end up jumping into rescue. And oh, does he get irritated.

(2) My area of specialization (academic research) is variation in English, the social construction of language and identity, etc etc.

This is really wonderful and I'm going to link to it. I just wish the video clips were working.

Rosina Lippi Green said...

I forgot to say:

It seems there's some confusion in the comments regarding accent versus tone. The pitch at which something is spoken is (at least in linguistic technical terms) something entirely different from regional and social markers in pronunciation, syntax and lexicon.

Also, what do you think of Downtown Julie Brown - formerly a vj on MTV -- as an example of a stigmatized variety of British English? She speaks broad Luton, which I know is not very well received.

One more thing and I'll go away, I swear. Some people are more sensitive to hearing accent. My husband is not one of those people. We'll be watching somebody talk on television for ten minues and then he'll turn to me as say: Is that person British?

He can't identify a British accent on television. However, if I say 'no, she's Welsh' (or Scots, or Irish) he might say: Oh, I thought she was American. But she's definitely not a Scot.

I know, it's weird and inconsistent, but it's interesting in terms of linguistic perception.

thegrandview said...

I have to agree with expatmum. That was the definitive piece on posh. So glad I didn't miss this LB

thegrandview said...

Oh and by the way, Katie, the Boston Brahmin accent is very posh. It's done without moving one's jaw. Two examples spring to mind, Thurston Howell III on Gilligan's Island and Charles Emerson Winchester III on MASH.

Janet said...

At the risk of sounding pedantic, there is no such thing as a British accent. There are English, Welsh, Scottish, and Irish accents, and all the multitude of variations in between, but no British accents.

I've lived here for 13 years, and as I am from Lancashire I have had to learn to speak more clearly in order to make myself understood, but still retain my distinct Lancashire accent. Even if people here ( and in California) think I "talk posh." :-)

Lois said...

I just stumbled across this; I thought it was great!

I think a lot about accents, because I have one of the most distinctive (and picked on) American accents -- Long Island. Many people tend to think my accent sounds uneducated, so I guess we'd be considered un-posh. Along with southern Redneck accents.

On the other side, I think there is no such thing as a "posh" American accent. Any American who wants to be thought of that way tends to make their accent more English.

By the way, the rest of America has a hard time understanding my "water" too.

Eternity said...

People should read this.

Carlisle said...

I think there is probably more to go in between David Beckham and Vicky Pollard. Or at least there would be more variation up north. Because posher accents are based on the South Eastern accent, there are more stages between regional Northern and posh than there are between regional South Eastern and posh.

Also, you seem to be a bit hesitant to describe someone's voice as 'not posh' but so many people are proud of having regional accents I don't think there's any need to worry about offending anyone, though it's probably quite difficult to think of a celebrity with a totally unposh accent as nearly all of them will poshen up to an extent (many of them were actually fairly posh to begin with but look to get more respect by playing down any privileges they may have got in their upbringing'.

A very funny article though and I think your order was spot on.

Anonymous said...

as an expat who moved to the states very young i obsess over this as well. I find there are things i say in an American accent that sound very foreign to others.. and if drunk i revert to British English.

Interesting read, as i seem to have no home.. the states offer limited acceptance and in the UK i sound like a yank.

I feel at 32 that were I to move back to the UK (having spent 4 months a year there though my life) that I would retain that accent.. but continuing life in the US I will continue the US accent.. i also grew up with Spanish and feel that accent to be above par for a gringo.

Rambling, i am, but an interesting read

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